|
In mathematics, physics, and art, a moiré pattern (; French: (:mwaˈʁe)) is a secondary and visually evident superimposed pattern created, for example, when two identical (usually transparent) patterns on a flat or curved surface (such as closely spaced straight lines drawn radiating from a point or taking the form of a grid) are overlaid while displaced or rotated a small amount from one another. == Etymology == The term originates from moire (''moiré'' in its French adjectival form), a type of textile, traditionally of silk but now also of cotton or synthetic fiber, with a rippled or "watered" appearance. The history of the word ''moiré'' is complicated. The earliest agreed origin is the Arabic ''mukhayyar'' (مُخَيَّر in Arabic, which means ''chosen''), a cloth made from the wool of the Angora goat, from ''khayyara'' (خيّر in Arabic), "he chose" (hence "a choice, or excellent, cloth"). It has also been suggested that the Arabic word was formed from the Latin ''marmoreus'', meaning "like marble". By 1570 the word had found its way into English as ''mohair''. This was then adopted into French as ''mouaire'', and by 1660 (in the writings of Samuel Pepys) it had been adopted back into English as ''moire'' or ''moyre''. Meanwhile, the French ''mouaire'' had mutated into a verb, ''moirer'', meaning "to produce a watered textile by weaving or pressing", which by 1823 had spawned the adjective ''moiré''. ''Moire'' (pronounced "mwar") and ''moiré'' (pronounced "mwar-ay") are now used somewhat interchangeably in English, though ''moire'' is more often used for the cloth and ''moiré'' for the pattern. "Watered textile" refers to laying part of the textile on top of another part, and pressing the two layers when wet. The similarity of the spacing of individual threads (warp and woof), which is, however, not perfect spacing, creates characteristic patterns when the layers are pressed together; when dry, the patterns remain. In the liquid crystal display industry, moiré is often referred to by the Japanese word mura, which is roughly translates to "unevenness; irregularity; lack of uniformity; nonuniformity; inequality." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Moiré pattern」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|